Cosmology
AdvancedIOAA 2012 | Rio de Janeiro, Brazil | TH S10

13.8 | How long until the Universe cools by 0.1 K?

Assume the Universe has present density parameter Ω0=1\Omega_0=1, no dark energy, and present temperature Ti=2.73 KT_i=2.73\,\mathrm K. Its temperature is inversely proportional to its scale factor. How long, starting now, will it take to cool by 0.1 K0.1\,\mathrm K?

Express the answer in terms of the present Hubble parameter HiH_i. For numerical values, use Hi−1≈13.7×109H_i^{-1}\approx13.7\times10^9 years (about 71.4 km s−1 Mpc−171.4\,\mathrm{km\,s^{-1}\,Mpc^{-1}}); the original statement does not specify this constant.

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